{
  "region": {
    "code": "eu",
    "name": "Europe"
  },
  "meta": {
    "lastUpdated": "2026-05-18",
    "license": "CC BY 4.0"
  },
  "indicators": [
    {
      "id": "compute.ai_factories",
      "pillar": "compute",
      "label": "AI Factories operational",
      "value": "19",
      "unit": "+ 13 antennas",
      "trend": {
        "direction": "up",
        "text": "+9 since Q4 2024"
      },
      "sparkline": [
        10,
        12,
        14,
        15,
        17,
        19
      ],
      "bottleneck": {
        "label": "What's blocking more",
        "text": "9 additional supercomputers procured, but deployment hinges on substation availability."
      },
      "source": {
        "name": "EuroHPC JU",
        "url": "https://www.eurohpc-ju.europa.eu/ai-factories_en"
      },
      "lastUpdated": "2026-05-17",
      "cadence": "quarterly",
      "automation": "scraper"
    },
    {
      "id": "compute.gpus",
      "pillar": "compute",
      "label": "Public-research GPUs",
      "value": "~57K",
      "unit": "accelerators",
      "trend": {
        "direction": "up",
        "text": "Target: 3× by 2027"
      },
      "sparkline": [
        30,
        35,
        42,
        48,
        53,
        57
      ],
      "bottleneck": {
        "label": "What's blocking more",
        "text": "Meta alone is deploying ~600K H100-equivalents in 2026. EU public fleet is ~10% of that scale."
      },
      "source": {
        "name": "Segler Consulting",
        "url": "https://www.seglerconsulting.com/europes-ai-gambit-an-in-depth-analysis-of-the-eurohpc-ai-factories-and-the-quest-for-digital-sovereignty"
      },
      "lastUpdated": "2026-05-17",
      "cadence": "quarterly",
      "automation": "manual"
    },
    {
      "id": "compute.grid_wait",
      "pillar": "compute",
      "label": "HV substation wait time",
      "value": "3-5",
      "unit": "years",
      "trend": {
        "direction": "down",
        "text": "Worsening since 2023"
      },
      "sparkline": [
        2,
        2.5,
        3,
        3.5,
        4,
        4.5
      ],
      "bottleneck": {
        "label": "What's blocking more",
        "text": "Grid equipment shortages + decade-long connection queues. Funded projects sitting idle."
      },
      "source": {
        "name": "Infrastructure Investor",
        "url": "https://www.infrastructureinvestor.com/power-struggle-can-europes-grid-handle-the-ai-data-centre-boom/"
      },
      "lastUpdated": "2026-05-17",
      "cadence": "monthly",
      "automation": "llm-extracted"
    },
    {
      "id": "regulation.next_deadline_days",
      "pillar": "regulation",
      "label": "Next AI Act deadline",
      "value": "77",
      "unit": "days",
      "trend": {
        "direction": "flat",
        "text": "2 Aug 2026 · GPAI + transparency"
      },
      "bottleneck": {
        "label": "What's at risk",
        "text": "Users must be informed when interacting with AI. Most consumer-facing apps will need UI changes."
      },
      "source": {
        "name": "AI Act Explorer",
        "url": "https://artificialintelligenceact.eu/implementation-timeline/"
      },
      "lastUpdated": "2026-05-17",
      "cadence": "weekly",
      "automation": "scraper"
    },
    {
      "id": "regulation.sandboxes",
      "pillar": "regulation",
      "label": "National sandboxes live",
      "value": "14",
      "unit": "/ 27",
      "trend": {
        "direction": "up",
        "text": "Must reach 27 by Aug 2026"
      },
      "sparkline": [
        3,
        5,
        8,
        10,
        12,
        14
      ],
      "bottleneck": {
        "label": "What's blocking more",
        "text": "Smaller member states lack regulatory staffing. Risk of uneven enforcement across the bloc."
      },
      "source": {
        "name": "European AI Office",
        "url": "https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/ai-office"
      },
      "lastUpdated": "2026-05-17",
      "cadence": "monthly",
      "automation": "manual"
    },
    {
      "id": "regulation.gpai_providers",
      "pillar": "regulation",
      "label": "GPAI providers registered",
      "value": "23",
      "unit": "models",
      "trend": {
        "direction": "up",
        "text": "+7 since Q1"
      },
      "sparkline": [
        5,
        8,
        12,
        16,
        19,
        23
      ],
      "bottleneck": {
        "label": "What's at risk",
        "text": "Energy disclosure requirements kick in 2026 — first real test of EU's right to audit frontier models."
      },
      "source": {
        "name": "AI Office register",
        "url": "https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/regulatory-framework-ai"
      },
      "lastUpdated": "2026-05-17",
      "cadence": "monthly",
      "automation": "scraper"
    },
    {
      "id": "funding.quarterly_vc",
      "pillar": "funding",
      "label": "Q1 2026 European VC",
      "value": "$17.6B",
      "trend": {
        "direction": "up",
        "text": "+30% YoY"
      },
      "sparkline": [
        9,
        10,
        11,
        12,
        14,
        17.6
      ],
      "bottleneck": {
        "label": "What's accelerating",
        "text": "AI alone took >50% of total European VC for the first time. Sovereignty narrative now mobilizing capital."
      },
      "source": {
        "name": "Crunchbase",
        "url": "https://news.crunchbase.com/venture/funding-picked-up-ai-led-europe-q1-2026/"
      },
      "lastUpdated": "2026-05-17",
      "cadence": "quarterly",
      "automation": "manual"
    },
    {
      "id": "funding.top_rounds",
      "pillar": "funding",
      "label": "Largest 2026 EU AI rounds",
      "value": "$3B",
      "unit": "top 2 combined",
      "trend": {
        "direction": "up",
        "text": "Mistral $2B · AMI $1B seed"
      },
      "bottleneck": {
        "label": "What's still missing",
        "text": "No European hyperscaler. Frontier labs concentrated in France — Germany and the Nordics lack equivalents."
      },
      "source": {
        "name": "Crunchbase",
        "url": "https://news.crunchbase.com/venture/european-ai-funding-startups-recursive-ineffable-advanced-machine-intelligence/"
      },
      "lastUpdated": "2026-05-17",
      "cadence": "monthly",
      "automation": "manual"
    },
    {
      "id": "funding.late_stage_gap",
      "pillar": "funding",
      "label": "Late-stage gap vs. US",
      "value": "~5×",
      "unit": "smaller",
      "trend": {
        "direction": "flat",
        "text": "Persistent since 2020"
      },
      "sparkline": [
        5,
        5.2,
        5,
        4.9,
        5,
        5
      ],
      "bottleneck": {
        "label": "What's blocking more",
        "text": "Series C+ rounds remain the single biggest reason founders relocate. Pension capital unlock pending."
      },
      "source": {
        "name": "PitchBook",
        "url": "https://pitchbook.com/news/articles/almost-quarter-of-europes-startups-are-now-ai-backed-but-the-map-is-patchy"
      },
      "lastUpdated": "2026-05-17",
      "cadence": "quarterly",
      "automation": "manual"
    },
    {
      "id": "talent.density",
      "pillar": "talent",
      "label": "AI talent per capita",
      "value": "1.3×",
      "unit": "vs. US",
      "trend": {
        "direction": "up",
        "text": "3× vs. China"
      },
      "bottleneck": {
        "label": "What's working",
        "text": "University pipeline is Europe's most undervalued asset. ELLIS network now spans 30+ units."
      },
      "source": {
        "name": "interface-eu",
        "url": "https://www.interface-eu.org/publications/where-is-europes-ai-workforce-coming-from"
      },
      "lastUpdated": "2026-05-17",
      "cadence": "annual",
      "automation": "manual"
    },
    {
      "id": "talent.net_flow",
      "pillar": "talent",
      "label": "Senior researcher net flow",
      "value": "-18%",
      "unit": "outflow",
      "trend": {
        "direction": "down",
        "text": "Worsening"
      },
      "sparkline": [
        -8,
        -10,
        -12,
        -14,
        -16,
        -18
      ],
      "bottleneck": {
        "label": "What's blocking more",
        "text": "Compensation, compute access, and exit liquidity. Top destinations: US, UK, UAE."
      },
      "source": {
        "name": "Euronews",
        "url": "https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2026/01/29/the-ai-brain-drain-why-europe-cant-keep-the-talent-it-trains"
      },
      "lastUpdated": "2026-05-17",
      "cadence": "annual",
      "automation": "llm-extracted"
    },
    {
      "id": "talent.erc_grants",
      "pillar": "talent",
      "label": "ERC Starting Grants 2025",
      "value": "478",
      "unit": "awarded",
      "trend": {
        "direction": "up",
        "text": "11 to ELLIS members"
      },
      "bottleneck": {
        "label": "What's working",
        "text": "ERC remains main retention lever for early-career researchers. Scaling it is the cheapest policy win."
      },
      "source": {
        "name": "ELLIS",
        "url": "https://ellis.eu/news/erc-awards-478-starting-grants-11-ellis-members-among-the-recipients"
      },
      "lastUpdated": "2026-05-17",
      "cadence": "annual",
      "automation": "scraper"
    }
  ]
}